Battle of Plassey (1757), Know Causes and Effects

Battle of Plassey

The Battle of Plassey was a pivotal engagement that took place on 23 June 1757, near the village of Plassey (Palashi) in Bengal, India. It marked a significant turning point in the history of India as it led to the establishment of British supremacy in the subcontinent. Before we dive into the details of the battle, let’s take a step back and understand what was happening at that time. This battle occurred during a period when European countries were competing to gain control over different parts of the world. In India, the British East India Company was one of these European groups trying to become influential and powerful.

Between whom was the Battle of Plassey fought?

In 1757, the Battle of Plassey took place, with the British East India Company facing off against the forces led by Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal. On one side stood the British East India Company, a formidable trading entity that had already left a considerable mark in India, especially Bengal. The Company’s role extended beyond commerce; it had ventured into local politics and governance in the areas under its influence.

Facing them was Siraj-ud-Daulah, a young and ambitious Nawab who grew increasingly discontented with the British East India Company’s expanding sway. He was particularly concerned about their activities, including strengthening their trading outposts and supporting his rivals.

Tensions between Siraj-ud-Daulah and the British East India Company escalated, eventually leading to the Battle of Plassey. The battle took place near the village of Plassey in Bengal.

Causes of The Battle of Plassey

Battle Of Plassey was happened due to the following reasons:

1. Economic Factors: The British East India Company had established a strong economic presence in Bengal through its trading activities. However, its increasing control over trade and its accumulation of wealth raised concerns among the local rulers, including Siraj-ud-Daulah, who saw their own revenues decline.
2. Fortification of British Posts: The British East India Company fortified their trading posts, particularly Fort William in Calcutta. This act was perceived as a breach of trust by Siraj-ud-Daulah, who saw it as a direct challenge to his authority as the ruler of the region.
3. Expansion of Influence: The Company’s involvement in local politics and administration extended beyond trade. This alarmed the Nawab, who was wary of the British East India Company’s increasing influence over his territories.
4. Interference in Local Politics: The British East India Company supported factions within the Nawab’s court that were opposed to Siraj-ud-Daulah. This meddling in local affairs created tensions and heightened suspicions.
5. Disputes over Trade: There were disagreements and disputes over trade-related matters, including taxes and tariffs. These disputes escalated, leading to further deterioration in relations between the Company and the Nawab.

Effects of The Battle Of Plassey

The effects of the Battle Of Plassey are listed below.

1. British Colonial Rule: The British East India Company gained control over Bengal and expanded its authority across the country, initiating almost two centuries of British colonial rule.
2. Company Dominance: Shifting from trade to governance, the British East India Company started administering acquired territories, becoming a political power.
3. Treaty of Allahabad: The Treaty formalized British control over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa in 1765, enabling British administration, tax collection, and decision-making.
4. Economic Exploitation: The British exploited India’s resources, imposing heavy taxes and trade restrictions, causing economic hardships for the locals.
5. Infrastructure Growth: Besides exploitation, the British introduced infrastructural advancements like railways, telegraph lines, and modern communication systems, linking different regions.